Constitutive model for soil-rock mixtures in the light of an updated skeleton void ratio concept

As a type of special geological body, soil-rock mixtures (SRMs) are widely found in nature and used civil engineering. Many structures, such as rockfill dams, highways tunnels, have SRMs building materials. Proper modeling is great importance to capture the complex behavior this heterogeneous material. In manuscript, simple constitutive model incorporating skeleton void ratio concept proposed for with varying soil contents (sc). A prominent feature unified description sc that only parameters pure rock required. After calibration, shows good capacity predict stress–strain response under wide range sc, ratios, confining pressures. particular, it captures well non-associated rock-dominated different sc. Furthermore, sc-value shown modify plastic flow direction material without influencing its yield surface.